Validator Frequently Asked Questions
What is Agave? How is it different from other possible Solana validators?
Solana is an open source, decentralized, proof-of-stake blockchain. It is therefore possible for multiple distinct teams to fork and maintain their own validator software. The original Solana validator was maintained by Solana Labs. A new organization, Anza, was formed in 2024 consisting of former Solana Labs core engineering members. Anza forked the Solana validator and renamed it to Agave (this project). Agave is the version of the original Solana validator maintained by the team at Anza. As of the writing of this FAQ, Agave is the most popular validator client for the Solana network, but it is likely in the future there may be several validators running in parallel to help support the network. We recommend checking the community and doing research before making a selection.
What is a validator?
A validator is a computer that runs a software program to verify transactions that are added to the Solana blockchain. A validator can be a voting validator or a non voting validator. To learn more, see what is a validator.
What is an RPC node?
An RPC node is also a computer that runs the validator software. Typically, an RPC node does not vote on the network. Instead the RPC node's job is to respond to API requests. See what is an rpc node for more information.
What is a cluster?
For a definition and an overview of the topic, see what is a cluster?. Solana maintains several clusters. For details on each, see Solana clusters.
What is Proof of Stake?
Proof of Stake (PoS) is a blockchain architecture. Solana is a Proof of Stake blockchain. To read more, see Proof of Stake.
What is Proof of Work? Is running a Solana validator the same as mining?
No, a Solana validator uses Proof of Stake. It does not use Proof of Work (often called mining). See Proof of Work: For Contrast.
Who can operate a validator?
Anyone can operate a validator. All Solana clusters are permissionless. A new operator can choose to join at any time.
Is there a validator set or limited number of validators that can operate?
No, all Solana clusters are permissionless. There is no limit to the number of active validators that can participate in consensus. Validators participating in consensus (voting validators) incur transaction fees for each vote. A voting validator can expect to incur up to 1.1 SOL per day in vote transaction fees.
What are the hardware requirements for running a validator?
Can I run my validator at home?
Anyone can join the cluster including home users. You must make sure that your system can perform well and keep up with the cluster. Many home internet connections are not suitable to run a Solana validator. Most operators choose to operate their validator in a data center either by using a server provider or by supplying your own hardware at a colocation data center.
See the validator requirements for more information.
What skills does a Solana validator operator need?
See Solana validator prerequisites.